EEE Formula (Part-2)

Transformer:
EMF of Primary Winding/Phase, E_p = 4.44N_Pfφ_M Volts

EMF of Secondary Winding/Phase, E_S = 4.44N_Sfφ_M Volts

Transformation Ratio , k or a = E_p / E_S = N_p / N_S = I_S / I_P

No Load Loss, ω_O = V_i I_O Cosφ_O

Working Component, I_W = I_O Cosφ_O

Magnetizing Component, I_µ = I_O Sinφ_O



No load Power factor, Cosφ_O = ω_O / V_i I_O

Condition for Maximum Efficiency is: Core Loss = Copper Loss

Hysteresis Loss, P_h = K_h f B_m 1.6 (Watt) [Here, K_h = Constant, B_m = Max. Flux Density, f=
Frequency]

Eddy current loss, P_e = K_e f² B_m² t² (Watt) [Here, K_e = Constant, B_m = Max. Flux Density, f=
Frequency, t = Thickness of lamination sheet]

KVA_MAX = KVA_RATED √(Core Loss/F.L Copper Loss)

Full load copper loss 400W, in half load copper loss is: 400x (1/2)²

Auto Transformer:
Transformed Power = Delivered Power x (1-a)

Conducted Power = Delivered Power – Transformed Power

Alternator:
EMF (RMS)/Phase, E = 4.44φfT K_P K_d Volts
(Here, f= Frequency, T= No. of Turn, φ = Flux/Pole, K_P= Pitch Factor, K_P= Distribution Factor)

%V_R =( V_NL – V_FL ) / V_FL x100

N_S = 120f/P (N_S = Synchronous Speed RPM, f= Frequency, P = No. of Pole)

AC Motor:
Slip, %S = {( N_S – N_R ) / N_S }x100

S =( N_S – N_R ) / N_S

S = f_r/f

N_R = 120f (1-S)/P

N_S = 120f /P

f_r = S x f
(N_S = Synchronous Speed RPM, N_r = Rotor Speed RPM, f= Frequency, P = No. of Pole, S = SLip)